Article 9a Implementing Regulation (EU) No 282/2011
Supply of services
Chapter IV · Taxable transactions › Section 2 · Supply of services
Open in the compendium2 cases ↓
Text of Article 9a
1.For the application of Article 28 of Directive 2006/112/EC, where electronically supplied services are supplied through a telecommunications network, an interface or a portal such as a marketplace for applications, a taxable person taking part in that supply shall be presumed to be acting in his own name but on behalf of the provider of those services unless that provider is explicitly indicated as the supplier by that taxable person and that is reflected in the contractual arrangements between the parties.
In order to regard the provider of electronically supplied services as being explicitly indicated as the supplier of those services by the taxable person, the following conditions shall be met:
(a)the invoice issued or made available by each taxable person taking part in the supply of the electronically supplied services must identify such services and the supplier thereof;
(b)the bill or receipt issued or made available to the customer must identify the electronically supplied services and the supplier thereof.
For the purposes of this paragraph, a taxable person who, with regard to a supply of electronically supplied services, authorises the charge to the customer or the delivery of the services, or sets the general terms and conditions of the supply, shall not be permitted to explicitly indicate another person as the supplier of those services.
2.Paragraph 1 shall also apply where telephone services provided through the internet, including voice over internet Protocol (VoIP), are supplied through a telecommunications network, an interface or a portal such as a marketplace for applications and are supplied under the same conditions as set out in that paragraph.
3.This Article shall not apply to a taxable person who only provides for processing of payments in respect of electronically supplied services or of telephone services provided through the internet, including voice over internet Protocol (VoIP), and who does not take part in the supply of those electronically supplied services or telephone services.
Consolidated version on EUR-Lex (CELEX 02011R0282-20250414). © European Union. Only the Official Journal is authentic.
Case law on Article 9a: 2 cases
Judgments, orders and Advocate General opinions of the Court of Justice and the General Court that cite Article 9a of Implementing Regulation (EU) No 282/2011, most recent first.
- C-101/24 Xyrality Judgment · 9 October 2025 · Germany · cites Article 9a(1)
- C-695/20 Fenix International Judgment · 28 February 2023 · United Kingdom · cites Article 9a(1)
Commission explanatory notes on Article 9a
Not binding. Guidance published by the Commission (DG TAXUD).
Explanatory Notes on the VAT e-commerce rules
Import One Stop Shop and deemed supplier rules, revised text applicable from 01-01-2027
- 2.2.1 What are the record-keeping obligations of a deemed supplier? (p. 30) As explained above in section 2.1.4, the result of the deemed supplier provision is that the taxable person facilitating the supply through the use of an electronic interface is treated like the actual supplier of goods for VAT purposes. For the purpose of this provision, the deemed supplier takes over the rights and o